|
CONVERSION OF PAGAN SHRINES INTO MOSQUES BY MUSLIMS:
http://www.nairaland.com/837667/muhammad-abolitionist-he-purchased-freedom/1 1) The Kaábah Before the rise of Islam the Ka’aba was revered as a sacred sanctuary and was a site of pilgrimage.”.[2] At the time of Muhammad (AD 570–632), his tribe the Quraysh was in charge of the Kaaba, which was at that time a shrine containing hundreds of idols representing Arabian tribal gods and other religious figures. Muhammad earned the enmity of his tribe by claiming the shrine for the new religion of Islam that he preached. He wanted the Kaaba to be dedicated to the worship of the one God alone, and all the idols were evicted. The Black Stone (al-Hajar-ul-Aswad), still present at the Kaaba was a special object of veneration at the site. According to tradition the text of seven especially honored poems were suspended around the Ka’aba, but there is no contemporary evidence for this claim. 2) Hindu, Jain and Buddhist temples The destruction of Hindu temples in India during the Islamic conquest of India occurred from the beginning of Muslim conquest until the end the Mughal Empire throughout the Indian subcontinent. In his book “Hindu Temples – What Happened to Them”, Sita Ram Goel included a list of 2000 mosques that it is claimed were built on Hindu temples. The second volume of the book excerpts from medieval histories and chronicles and from inscriptions concerning the destruction of Hindu, Jain and Buddhist temples. In Indonesia, where popular conversion from Hinduism to Islam was more voluntary and peaceful, it is believed that the minaret of the Menara Kudus Mosque, in Java, was originally part of a Hindu temple
here are a few examples of temples converted to mosques. one of these mosques was recently demolished by the Hindus who are planning to reconstruct a temple on its site. –Ram Janmabhoomi Ram Janmabhoomi refers to a tract of land in the North Indian city of Ayodhya which is claimed to be the birthplace of the Pagan God, Lord Rama. From 1528 to 1992 this was the site of the Babri Mosque. The mosque was razed in December 6, 1992 by a mob of some 150,000 nationalist Hindus supported by the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) and the Vishwa Hindu Parishad (VHP), after a political rally developed into a riot despite a commitment to the Indian Supreme Court by the rally organisers that the mosque would not be harmed. The Sangh Parivaar, along with VHP and the main Indian opposition party, the Bharatiya Janata Party, sought to erect a temple dedicated to Lord Rama at this site. Nobel Laureate novelist V. S. Naipaul has praised Hindu nationalists for “reclaiming India’s Hindu heritage”. Naipaul added that the destruction of Babri structure was an act of historical balancing and the reclaiming of the Ramjanmabhoomi was a “welcome sign that Hindu pride was re-asserting itself”. The 1986 edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica stated that “Rama’s birthplace is marked by a mosque, erected by the Moghul emperor Babar in 1528 on the site claimed of an earlier temple”. Archaeological excavations at the site by the Archeological Survey of India reported the existence of a 10th century temple. ” The report stated that scientific dating indicated human activity at the site as far back to the 17th century BC. On 30 September 2010, Allahabad High Court ruled that the 2.7 acres disputed land in Ayodhya, on which the Babri Masjid stood before it was demolished on December 6, 1992, will be divided into three parts: the site of the Ramlala idol to Lord Ram, Nirmohi Akhara gets Sita Rasoi and Ram Chabutara, Sunni Wakf Board gets a third. The court also agreed with the ASI report, and considered the mosque to have been predated by a massive Hindu religious structure which was demolished by Babur. This decision paved the way for reconstruction of a temple dedicated to Lord Rama. the demolished mosque built at the site of a Hindu temple: –Krishna Janmabhoomi (Mathura) The great temple of Keshava Rai at Mathura was built by Bir Singh Deo Bundela during Jahangir’s time at a cost of thirty-three lakhs of rupees. The Dehra of Keshava Rai was one of the most magnificent temples ever built in India and enjoyed veneration of the Hindus throughout the land. Prince Dara Shukoh, who was looked upon by the masses as the future Emperor, had presented a carved stone railing to the temple which was installed in front of the deity at some distance; the devotees stood outside this railing to have ‘darshan’ of Keshava Rai. The railing was removed on muslim Emperor, Aurangzeb’s orders in October 1666. The Dehra of Keshava Rai was demolished in the month of Ramzan, 1080 A.H. (13 January – 11 February 1670) by Aurangzeb’s order. “In a short time, by the great exertion of the officers, the destruction of this strong foundation of infidelity was accomplished and on its site a lofty mosque was built at the expenditure of a large sum”. To the author of Maasir-i-‘Alamigiri, the accomplishment of this “seemingly impossible work was an “instance of the strength of the Emperor’s faith”. Krishna Janmabhoomi Temple sharing wall with mosque built by Aurangzeb: –Somnath Temple‘ Somnath Temple, located in the Prabhas Kshetra near Veraval in Saurashtra, on the western coast of Gujarat, India, is one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines of the God Shiva. Somnath means “The Protector of (the) Moon God”. The Somnath Temple is known as “the Shrine Eternal”, having been destroyed six times by muslim invaders and rebuilt six times by Hindu rulers. The first temple of Somnath is said to have existed before the beginning of the common era. The second temple, built by the Yadava kings of Vallabhi in Gujarat, replaced the first one on the same site around 649 CE. In 725 CE Junayad, the Arab governor of Sind, sent his armies to destroy the second temple. The Gurjara Pratihara king Nagabhata II constructed the third temple in 815, a large structure of red sandstone. In 1024 CE, the temple was once again destroyed by Mahmud Ghazni who raided the temple from across the Thar Desert. The temple was rebuilt by the Gujjar Paramara King Bhoj of Malwa and the Solanki king Bhimadev I of Anhilwara, Gujrat (present day Patan) between 1026 and 1042. The wooden structure was replaced by Kumarpal (r.1143-72), who built the temple of stone. In 1296 CE, the temple was once again destroyed by Sultan Allauddin Khilji’s army.According to Taj-ul-Ma’sir of Hasan Nizami, Raja Karan of Gujarat was defeated and forced to flee, “fifty thousand infidels were dispatched to hell by the sword” and “more than twenty thousand slaves, and cattle beyond all calculation fell into the hands of the victors”. The temple was rebuilt by Mahipala Deva, the Chudasama king of Saurashtra in 1308 AD and the Linga was installed by his son Khengar sometime between 1326 and 1351 AD. In 1375 CE, the temple was once again destroyed by Muzaffar Shah I, the Sultan of Gujarat. In 1451 CE, the temple was once again destroyed by Mahmud Begda, the Sultan of Gujarat. In 1701 CE, the temple was once again destroyed by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb. Aurangzeb built a mosque on the site of the Somnath temple, using some columns from the temple, whose Hindu sculptural motifs remained visible. Later on a joint effort of Peshwa of Pune, Raja Bhonsle of Nagpur, Chhatrapati Bhonsle of Kolhapur, Queen Ahilyabai Holkar of Indore & Shrimant Patilbuwa Shinde of Gwalior rebuilt the temple in 1783 AD at a site adjacent to the ruined temple which was already converted to a mosque. Zakariya al-Qazwini A Painting of the tomb of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, in 1839-40, with Sandalwood Doors long believed to be the Somnath, which he destroyed in ca 1024, later found to be replicas of the original. “Somnath: celebrated city of India, situated on the shore of the sea, and washed by its waves. Among the wonders of that place was the temple in which was placed the idol called Somnath. This idol was in the middle of the temple without anything to support it from below, or to suspend it from above. It was held in the highest honor among the Hindus, and whoever beheld it floating in the air was struck with amazement, whether he was a Musulman or an infidel. The Hindus used to go on pilgrimage to it whenever there was an eclipse of the moon, and would then assemble there to the number of more than a hundred thousand.” “When the Sultan Yaminu-d Daula Mahmud Bin Subuktigin went to wage religious war against India, he made great efforts to capture and destroy Somnat, in the hope that the Hindus would then become Muhammadans. As a result thousands of Hindus were forcibly converted to Islam. He arrived there in the middle of Zi-l k’ada, 416 A.H. (December, 1025 A.D.). “The king looked upon the idol with wonder, and gave orders for the seizing of the spoil, and the appropriation of the treasures. There were many idols of gold and silver and vessels set with jewels, all of which had been sent there by the greatest personages in India. The value of the things found in the temples of the idols exceeded twenty thousand dinars.” Somnath Temple Ruins (1869): A Painting of the tomb of Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni, in 1839-40, with Sandalwood Doors long believed to be the Somnath, which he destroyed in ca 1024, later found to be replicas of the original: Restoration of temple after Independence Before independence, Prabhas Pattan was part of the princely state of Junagadh. After integration of Jungadh in to Union of India, the Deputy Prime Minister of India, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel came to Junagadh on November 12, 1947 to direct the stabilization of the state by the Indian Army and at the same time ordered the reconstruction of the Somanath temple. When Sardar Patel, K. M. Munshi and other leaders of the Congress went to Gandhi with the proposal of reconstructing the Somnath temple, Gandhi blessed the move,but suggested that the funds for the construction should be collected from the public and the temple should not be funded by the state. He expressed that he was proud to associate himself to the project of renovation of the temple But soon both Gandhi and Sardar Patel died and the task of reconstruction of the temple continued under K. M. Munshi, who was the Minister for Food and Civil Supplies in the Nehru Government. The ruins were pulled down in October 1950 and the mosque present at that site was shifted few miles away. In May 1951, Rajendra Prasad, the first President of the Republic of India, invited by K M Munshi, performed the installation ceremony for the temple. Rajendra Prasad said in his address “It is my view that the reconstruction of the Somnath Temple will be complete on that day when not only a magnificent edifice will arise on this foundation, but the mansion of India’s prosperity will be really that prosperity of which the ancient temple of Somnath was a symbol.”. He added “The Somnath temple signifies that the power of reconstruction is always greater than the power of destruction” This episode created a serious rift between the then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, who saw the movement for reconstruction of the temple as an attempt at Hindu revivalism and the President Rajendra Prasad and Union Minister K. M. Munshi, who saw in its reconstruction, the fruits of freedom and the reversal of past injustice done to Hindus. The present temple, which was built by Patel and Munshi, is managed by Shree Somnath Temple Trust. Construction of The New Temple: –Kashi Viswanath (Banaras) Kashi is one of the most sacred sites in Hindu India and the worship of Shiva as Vishveshvara goes back to ancient times. According to the Puranas, every step taken in Kashi Kshetra has the sanctity of making a pilgrimage to a tirtha. Lord Vishvanatha is regarded as the protector of Kashi and the belief is that one earns great religious merit by having a vision of the deity after having bathed in the Ganges.The temple was demolished several times by Muslim invaders, and was reconstructed again and again by Hindu kings. After destruction of the original temple on the orders of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb’s orders, a mosque was built which still stands. The Gyanvapi Mosque built by Aurangzeb on the original site of the Kashi Vishwanath temple: –Other references An inscription at the Quwwat Al-Islam Mosque in Delhi states: This Jamii Masjid built in the months of the year 587 (hijri) by the Amir, the great, the glorious commander of the Army, Qutb-ud-daula wad-din, the Amir-ul-umara Aibeg, the slave of the Sultan, may God strengthen his helpers! The materials of 27 idol temples, on each of which 2,000,000 Deliwal coins had been spent were used in the (construction of) this mosque. However as the inscription depicts, the mosque was built from the material remnants of Hindu temples which was destroyed by muslims. During the reign of Aurangzeb, tens of thousands of temples were desecrated: their facades and interiors were defaced and their murtis (divine images) looted.In many cases, temples were destroyed entirely; in numerous instances mosques were built on their foundations, sometimes using the same stones. Among the temples Aurangzeb destroyed were two that are most sacred to Hindus, in Varanasi and Mathura. In both cases, he had large mosques built on the sites. Alberuni in his India writes about the famous temple of Multan: A famous idol of theirs was that of Multan, dedicated to the sun, , When Muhammad Ibn Alkasim Ibn Almunabbih, conquered Multan, he inquired how the town had become so very flourishing and so many treasures had there been accumulated, and then he found out that this idol was the cause, for there came pilgrims from all sides to visit it. Therefore he thought to build a mosque at the same place where the temple once stood. When then the Karmatians occupied Multan, Jalam Ibn Shaiban, the usurper, broke the idol into pieces and killed its priests. , When afterwards the blessed Prince Mahmud swept away their rule from those countries, he made again the old mosque the place of the Friday-worship. An inscription of 1462 A.D.at Jami Masjid at Malan, in Banaskantha District of Gujarat states: The Jami Masjid was built by Khan-I-Azam Ulugh Khan, who suppressed the wretched infidels. He eradicated the idolatrous houses and mine of infidelity, along with the idols with the edge of the sword, and made ready this edifice. He made its walls and doors out of the idols; the back of every stone became the place for prostration of the believer. “I am here led to relate that at the city of Banaras a temple had been erected by Rajah Maun Sing, which cost him the sum of nearly thirty-six laks of five methkaly ashrefies. , I made it my plea for throwing down the temple which was the scene of this imposture; and on the spot, with the very same materials, I erected the great mosque, because the very name of Islam was proscribed at Banaras, and with God’s blessing it is my design, if I live, to fill it full with true believers”. Zoroastrian temples After the Islamic conquest of Persia, Zoroastrian fire temples, with their four axial arch openings, were usually turned into mosques simply by setting a mihrab (prayer niche) on the place of the arch nearest to qibla (the direction of Mecca). This practice is described by numerous Muslim sources; however, the archeological evidence confirming it is still scarce. Zoroastrian temples converted into mosques in such a manner could be found in Bukhara, as well as in and near Istakhr and other Iranian cities.
Parthenon The Parthenon is a temple on the Athenian Acropolis, Greece, dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena, whom the people of Athens considered their virgin patron. Its construction began in 447 BC when the Athenian Empire was at the height of its power. It was completed in 438 BC, although decorations of the Parthenon continued until 432 BC. It is the most important surviving building of Classical Greece, generally considered the culmination of the development of the Doric order. Its decorative sculptures are considered some of the high points of Greek art. The Parthenon is regarded as an enduring symbol of Ancient Greece and of Athenian democracy and one of the world’s greatest cultural monuments. After the Ottoman Turk conquest, it was turned into a mosque in the early 1460s, and it had a minaret built in it. On 26 September 1687, an Ottoman Turk ammunition dump inside the building was ignited by Venetian bombardment. The resulting explosion severely damaged the Parthenon and its sculptures.
|
| Re: Muhammad Was An Abolitionist. He Purchased The Freedom Of Slaves by LagosShia: 12:59pm On Jan 04, 2012 |
|
@Plappville
in my next post i will cite evidence of pagan shrines turned into christian churches and monasteries. but i want to point out the dishonesty in your citations of places turned into muslim place of worship:the Ka’bah!!!.the Ka’bah just for the record and those who dont know was the first house of worship of the Almighty God built by Abraham on earth even as the pagan arabians themselves would admit that their ancestors (Abraham and Ishmae) built the Ka’bah.the Ka’bah was then turned into a storage for idols when idolatry spread in arabia. we do not deny at all that with the spread of islam,churches (like the famous Hagia Sophia in Constantinopole) and shrines of pagans were cleansed,renovated and turned in mosques for the worship of Allah.but you are so dishonest to include the Ka’bah as one of those places when the Ka’bah from the beginning was for Islam and the worship of Almighty God,the One and only Creator.obviously your misleading post is aimed at tarnishing the image of the Ka’bah by making it look that muslims are facing the Qiblah which was a “pagan shrine” as you lied. |
| Re: Muhammad Was An Abolitionist. He Purchased The Freedom Of Slaves by LagosShia: 1:01pm On Jan 04, 2012 |
|
The Taking over of Pagan Temples and Shrines and converting them into Christian Monestaries
Segment from the book Papal Magic by Simon Thus, in the first millenium A.D. there was some resistance to the new religion, and this resistance increased exponentially the further the people were from the Church’s power base in Rome. To counteract the psychological resistance of the rual pagans, the Church took over pagan shrines and built churches in their place, thereby having the best of both worlds. The pagans continued to worship at the ancient sites, but had to pass through the heavy bronze doors of the Catholic cathedrals to do so. In addition, the pagan calendar was largely coopted for use as Samhain and Saturnalia became, respectively, Halloween and Christmas. The fertility festival of Beltane, April 30, became the Eve of the feast of the Virgin Mother. The pagans still held onto Beltane as their own,, “It might be said that it is always easy to smell the myth in a place where it is difficult to verify its presence. Yet there are perfectly explicit testimonies from indisputable medieval authorities explaining the slow process of conquest that Christianity was forced to develop in a region of the world to which it had no prior claim. One such account is a letter from Pope Gregory the Great, by way of Abbot Miletius, to Saint Augustine of Canterbury, who was spreading the gospel among the Angles of England at the beginning of the eighth century.1 This correspondence clearly explains the policy the Church had established for converting peoples to Christianity: “We wish you to inform him that we have been giving careful thought to the affairs of the English and have come to the conclusion that the temples of the idols among that people should on no account be destroyed. The idols are to be destroyed, but the temples themselves are to be aspersed with holy water, altars set up in them, and relics deposited there. For if these temples are well-built, they must be purified from the worship of demons and dedicated to theservice of the true God. In this way, we hope that the people, seeing that their temples are not destroyed, may abandon their error and, flocking more readily to ther accustomed resorts, may come to know and adore the true God. And because they have a custom of sacrificing many oxen to demons, let some other solemnity be substituted in its place, such as a day of dedication or the festivals of the holy martyrs whose relics are enshrined there. On such occasions they might well construct shelters of boughs for themselves around the churches that were once temples, and celebrate the solemnity with devout feasting.2” This admirable text underscores the persistence of ancient pagan rites and myths during the eighth century and provides one testimony (among many) of the beliefs and customs that the medieval literature of the twelfth or thirteenth century continued to peddle, either candidly or skeptically but with touching insistence. Long ignored or poorly understood, these pagan traces in medieval literature are now available to religious historians and reveal all their mythological importance for a renewed understanding of the culture of the Middle Ages.” Bibliography: 1- Sancti Gregorii magni registrum epitularum, Turnot 1982 (Corpus Christanorum, series latina, CXLA). See also Dictionnaire d’arch’eolgie chr’etienne et de liturgie, “Paganism.” http://critiquesofchristianity.blogspot.com/2011/08/taking-over-of-pagan-shrines-and.html |
Day: December 12, 2014
Ahilyabai Holkar
Ahilyabai Holkar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Her Highness Maharani Shrimant Akhand Soubhagyavati Ahilya Bai Sahiba | |||||
|
|||||
| Queen of the Malwa Kingdom | |||||
| Reign | 1 December 1767 – 13 August 1795 | ||||
| Coronation | 11 December 1767 | ||||
| Predecessor | Malerao Holkar | ||||
| Successor | Tukojirao Holkar I | ||||
| Consort | Khanderao Holkar | ||||
|
|||||
| House | House of Holkar | ||||
| Dynasty | Maratha Confederacy | ||||
| Father | Mankoji Shinde | ||||
| Born | 31 May 1725 Grram Chaundi, Jamkhed,Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India |
||||
| Died | 13 August 1795 | ||||
| Religion | Hindu | ||||
Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar (31 May 1725 – 13 August 1795), was the Holkar Queen of the Maratha ruled Malwa kingdom,India. Rajmata Ahilyabai was born in the village of Chondi in Jamkhed, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra. She moved the capital toMaheshwar south of Indore on the Narmada River.
Ahilyabai’s husband Khanderao Holkar was killed in the battle of Kumbher in 1754. Twelve years later, her father-in-law, Malhar Rao Holkar, died. A year after that she was crowned as the queen of the Malwa kingdom. She tried to protect her kingdom fromThugs, the plunderers. She personally led armies into battle. She appointed Tukojirao Holkar as the Chief of Army.
Rani Ahilyabai was a great builder and patron of many Hindu temples which embellished Maheshwar and Indore. She also built temples and Dharmshala (free lodging) at sacred sites outside her kingdom, at prominent religious places like Dwarka in Gujarat east to the Kashi Vishwanath Temple at Varanasi on the Ganges, Ujjain, Nasik, Vishnupad Mandir, Gaya and Parali Baijnath in Maharashtra. Seeing the destroyed and desecrated temple in Somanath, Rani Ahilyabai built a temple where Lord Shiva is still worshipped by Hindus.
Contents
[hide]
Early life[edit]
Ahilyabai was born on 31 May 1725 in the village of Chaundi, in the present-day Ahmednagar district in Maharashtra. Her father, Mankoji Shinde (Dhangar), was the patil of the village. Women then did not go to school, but Ahilyabai’s father taught her to read and write.
Her entrance on to the stage of history was something of an accident: Malhar Rao Holkar, a commander in the service of thePeshwa Bajirao and lord of the Malwa territory, stopped in Chaundi on his way to Pune and, according to legend, saw the eight-year-old Ahilyabai at the temple service in the village. Recognising her piety and her character, he brought the girl to the Holkar territory as a bride for his son, Khanderao (1723–1754). She was married to Khanderao in 1733. She was very brave.
Reign[edit]
The Royal Palace of Maheshwar
Courtyard of the royal palace (Rajwada), Maheshwar
Statue of Ahilya Bai Holkar in the royal palace, Maheshwar
Ahilya Bai’s husband Khanderao was killed during the siege of Kumbher in 1754. Twelve years later, her father-in-law, Malharrao died. Malharrao was succeeded by Malerao, the only son of Khanderao, but he also died on 5 April 1767. From 1767 until her death in 1795, she ruled Malwa, trained in both administrative and military matters by Malhar Rao. A letter to her from Malhar Rao in 1765 illustrates the trust he had in her ability during the tempestuous battle for power in the 18th century:
- “Proceed to Gwalior after crossing the Chambal. You may halt there for four or five days. You should keep your big artillery and arrange for its ammunition as much as possible….On the march you should arrange for military posts being located for protection of the road.”
Already trained to be a ruler, Ahilyabai petitioned the Peshwa after Malhar’s death, and the death of her son, to take over the administration herself. Some in Malwa objected to her assumption of rule, but the army of Holkar was enthusiastic about her leadership. She had led them in person, with four bows and quivers of arrows fitted to the corners of the howdah of her favourite elephant. The Peshwa granted her permission on 11 December 1767, and, with Subhedar Tukojirao Holkar (Malharrao’s adopted son) as the head of military matters, she proceeded to rule Malwa in a most enlightened manner, even reinstating a Brahmin who had opposed her. Ahilyabai never observed purdah but held daily public audience and was always accessible to anyone who needed her ear.
Among Ahilyabai’s accomplishments was the development of Indore from a small village to a prosperous and beautiful city; her own capital, however, was in nearby Maheshwar, a town on the banks of the Narmada river. She also built forts and roads in Malwa, sponsored festivals and gave donations for regular worship in many Hindu temples. Outside Malwa, she built dozens of temples, ghats, wells, tanks and rest-houses across an area stretching from the Himalayas to pilgrimage centres in South India. The Bharatiya Sanskritikosh lists as sites she embellished, Kashi, Gaya, Somnath, Ayodhya, Mathura, Hardwar, Kanchi, Avanti, Dwarka, Badrinarayan, Rameshwar and Jaganathpuri. Ahilyadevi also rejoiced when she saw bankers, merchants, farmers and cultivators rise to levels of affluence, but did not consider that she had any legitimate claim to any of that wealth, be it through taxes or feudal right. She must, in fact, have financed all her activities with the lawful gains obtained from a happy and prosperous land.
There are many stories of her care for her people. She helped widows retain their husbands’ wealth. She made sure that a widow was allowed to adopt a son; in fact, in one instance, when her minister refused to allow the adoption unless he was suitably bribed, she is said to have sponsored the child herself, and given him clothes and jewels as part of the ritual. To honour the memory of Ahilyadevi Holkar, in 1996 leading citizens of Indore instituted an award in her name to be bestowed annually on an outstanding public figure. The prime minister of India gave away the first award to Nanaji Deshmukh. The only time Ahilyadevi seems not to have been able to settle a conflict peacefully and easily was in the case of the Bhils and Gonds, “plunderers” on her borders; but she granted them waste hilly lands and the right to a small duty on goods passing through their territories. Even in this case, according to Malcolm, she did give “considerate attention to their habits”.
Ahilyabai’s capital at Maheshwar was the scene of literary, musical, artistic and industrial enterprise. She entertained the famous Marathi poet, Moropant and the shahir, Anantaphandi from Maharashtra, and also patronised the Sanskrit scholar, Khushali Ram. Craftsmen, sculptors and artists received salaries and honours at her capital, and she even established a textile industry in the city of Maheshwar.
Historians of the 19th and 20th centuries—Indian, English and American—agree that the reputation of Ahilyabai Holkar in Malwa and Maharashtra was then, and is, even now, that of a saint. Nothing has ever been discovered by any researcher to discredit that. She was truly a magnificent woman, an able ruler and a great queen.
After her death, she was succeeded by Tukojirao Holkar I, her commander-in-chief, who soon abdicated the throne in favour of his son Kashirao Holkar in 1797.
Views about her[edit]
A quote by Ahilya bai atMaheshwar Palace.
“The reign of Ahilyabai, of Indore in central India, lasted for 30 Yrs. This has become almost legendary as a period during which perfect order and good Government prevailed and the people prospered. She was a very able ruler and organizer, highly respected during her lifetime, and considered as a saint by a grateful people after her death.”[1]
An English poem written by Joanna Baillie in 1849 reads:[2]
“For thirty years her reign of peace,
The land in blessing did increase;
And she was blessed by every tongue,
By stern and gentle, old and young.
Yea, even the children at their mothers feet
Are taught such homely rhyming to repeat
“In latter days from Brahma came,
To rule our land, a noble Dame,
Kind was her heart, and bright her fame,
And Ahlya was her honoured name.”
“The Great DhangarMaratha lady who affords the noblest example of wisdom, goodness and virtue. One english writer quoted that which Akbar is among male sovereigns, is Ahlia Baie among female sovereigns”.[3]
“Ahilyabai’s extraordinary ability won her the regard of her subjects and of the other Maratha confederates, including Nana Phadnavis. Collecting oral memories of her in the 1820s, Sir John Malcolm, the British official most directly concerned with the ‘settlement’ of central India, seems to have become deeply enamourned of her. “With the natives of Malwa … her name is sainted and she is styled an avatar or Incarnation of the Divinity. In the most sober view that can be taken of her character, she certainly appears, within her limited sphere, to have been one of the purest and most exemplary rulers that ever existed”.[4] Her latest biographers call her ‘The Philosopher Queen’, a reference perhaps to the ‘Philosopher king‘ Bhoj.”[5] “Ahilyabai Holkar, the ‘philosopher-queen’ of Malwa, had evidently been an acute observer of the wider political scene. In a letter to the peshwa in 1772 she had warned against association with the British, and likened their embrace to a bear-hug: “Other beasts, like tigers, can be killed by might or contrivance, but to kill a bear it is very difficult. It will die only if you kill it straight in the face, Or else, once caught in its powerful hold, the bear will kill its prey by tickling. Such is the way of the English. And in view of this, it is difficult to triumph over them.”[6] “This great ruler in Indore encouraged all within her realm to do their best, Merchants produced their finest cloths, trade flourished, the farmers were at peace and oppression ceased, for each case that came to the queens notice was dealt with severely. She loved to see her people prosper, and to watch the fine cities grow, and to watch that her subjects were not afraid to display their wealth, lest the ruler should snatch it from them. Far and wide the roads were planted with shady trees, and wells were made, and rest-houses for travellers. The poor, the homeless, the orphaned were all helped according to their needs. The Bhils who had long been the torment of all caravans, were routed from their mountain fastnesses and persuaded to settle down as honest farmers. Hindu and Musalman alike revered the famous Queen and prayed for her long life. Her last great sorrow was when her daughter became a Sati upon the death of Yashwantrao Phanse. Ahalya Bai was seventy years old when her long and splendid life closed. Indore long mourned its noble Queen, happy had been her reign, and her memory is cherished with deep reverence unto this day.[7] “From the original papers and letters, it becomes clear that she was first-class politician, and that was why she readily extended her support to Mahadji Shinde. I have no hesitation in saying that without the support of Ahilyabai, Mahadji would never have gained so much importance in the politics of northern India.”[8]
“Definitely no woman and no ruler is like Ahilyabai Holkar.”[9]
“It reveals beyond doubt that all ideal virtues described by Plato and Bhismacharya were present in her personality like Dilip, Janak, Shri Ram, Shri Krishna and Yudhishthir. After through scrutiny of the long history of the world we find only one personality of Lokmata Devi Ahilya that represents an absolutely ideal ruler.”[10]
Over the years, in independent India, the city of Indore, when compared to neighbouring Bhopal, Jabalpur or Gwalior, has progressed dramatically: economically, through business and financial prowess, politically and in all possible ways cities are supposed to progress. In fact, the local population proudly states that they live in ‘mini-Mumbai’, a reference to the great metropolis pulsing 600 km away. The good deeds of Devi Ahilyabai, her dedication to religion and her policies are enriching the city even today! The faith and belief in the good vibes of Indore go to such an extent that local inhabitants say that if you have lived in Indore for a thousand days, you are unlikely to leave it! Long live Devi Ahilya!
A commemorative stamp[11] was issued in her honour on 25 August 1996 by the Republic of India.
As a tribute to the great ruler, Indore domestic airport has been named Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Airport. Similarly, Indore university has been renamed as “Devi Ahilya Vishwavidyalaya”.
Works throughout India[edit]
Fort Ahilya in Maheshwar
Ahilya Ghat, Varanasi
The current structure of Vishnupad Temple is built by Maharani Ahilya Bai Holkar in 1787
Ahilya Bai’s Fort
Ahilya Bai’s TempleShikhar
It was the speciality of Holkar family that they did not use public funds to meet their personal and family expenses. They had their personal fund from their private property. Devi Ahilya inherited personal fund which at that time was estimated to be sixteen crores rupees. Ahilyabai used personal fund in charitable works.[12]
Ahilya Bai’s Temple
- Alampur (MP) – Harihareshwar, Batuk, Malharimarthand, Surya, Renuka, Ram Hanuman Temples, Shriram Temple, Laxmi Narayan Temple, Maruti Temple, Narsinh Temple, Khanderao Martand Temple, Memorial of Malharrao (I)
- Amarkanthak– Shri Vishweshwar Temple, Kotithirth Temple, Gomukhi Temple, Dharamshala, Vansh Kund
- Amba Gaon – Lamps for temple
- Anand Kanan – Vishweshwar Temple
- Ayodhya (U.P)– Built Shri Ram Temple, Shri Treta Ram Temple, Shri Bhairav Temple, Nageshwar/Siddhnath Temple, Sharayu Ghat, well, Swargadwari Mohatajkhana, Dharamshalas
- Badrinath Temple (Uttarakhand) – Shri Kedareshwar and Hari Temples, Dharamshalas (Rangdachati, Bidarchati, Vyasganga, Tanganath, Pawali), Manu kunds (Gaurkund, Kundachatri), Garden and Warm Water Kund at Dev Prayag, Pastoral land for cows
- Beed – Jirnnodhar of a Ghat.
- Belur (Karnataka) – Ganpati, Pandurang, Jaleshwar, Khandoba, Tirthraj and Fire temples, Kund
- Bhanpura – Nine Temples and Dharmashala
- Bharatpur – Temple, Dharmashala, Kund
- Bhimashankar – Garibkhana
- Bhusawal – Changadev Temple
- Bitthur – Bhramaghat
- Burhanpur (MP) – Raj Ghat, Ram Ghat, Kund
- Chandwad Waphegaon – Vishnu Temple and Renuka Temple
- Chaundi – Chaudeshwaridevi Temple, Sineshwar Mahadev temple,
- Ahilyeshwar Temple, Dharamshala, Ghat,
- Chitrakoot – Pranpratishta of Shri Ramchandra
- Cikhalda – Annakshetra
- Dwarka(Gujrath) – Mohatajkhana, Pooja House and gave some villages to priest
- Ellora –Grishneshwar Temple of Red Stone
- Gangotri – Vishwanath, Kedarnath, Annapurna, Bhairav Temples, many Dharmashalas
- Gaya (Bihar) – Vishnupad Temple
- Gokarn – Rewaleshwar Mahadev temple, Holkar wada, Garden and Garibkhana
- Gruneshwar (Verul) – Shivalaya Tirth
- Handiya – Siddhanath Temple, ghat and dharmashala
- Haridwar (Uttarakhand) – Kushawarth Ghat and a Huge Dharmashala
- Hrishikesh – Many temples, Shrinathji and Govardhan ram temples
- Indore – Many Temples and ghats
- Jagannath Puri (Orrisa) – Shri Ramchandra Temple, Dharmashala and Garden
- Jalgaon – Ram Mandir
- Jamghat – Bhumi dwar
- Jamvgaon – Donated for Ramdas swami Math
- Jejuri – Malhargautameshwar, Vitthal, Martand Temple, Janai Mahadev and Malhar lakes
- Karmanasini River – Bridge
- Kashi (Benaras) – Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Shri Tarakeshwar, Shri Gangaji, Ahilya Dwarkeshwar, Gautameshwar, Many Mahadev Temples, Temple Ghats, Manikarnika Ghat, Dashaaswamegh Ghat, Janana Ghat, Ahilya Ghat, UttarKashi Dharmashala, Rameshwar Panchkoshi Dharmashala, Kapila Dhara Dharmashala, Shitala Ghat
- Kedarnath – Dharmashala and Kund
- Kolhapur – Facilities for temple pooja
- Kumher – Well and Memorial of Prince Khandera
- khargone – fort and many temples and ghats
- Kurukshetra (Haryana) – Shiv Shantanu Mahadev Temple, Panchkund Ghat, Laxmikund Ghat
- Maheshwar – Hundreds of temples, ghats, dharmashalas and houses
- Mamaleshwar Mahadev Himachal Pradesh – Lamps
- Manasa Devi – Seven temples
- Mandaleshwar – Shiv Temple Ghat
- Datta Mandir (Mangaon) – Datta Mandir, Near Sawantwadi, Konkan, Maharashtra, India
- Miri (Ahmednagar) – Bhairav Temple in 1780
- Naimabar(MP) – Temple
- Nandurbar[1] – Temple, Well
- Nathdwara – Ahilya Kund, Temple, Well
- Neelkantha Mahadev – Shivalaya and Gomukh
- Nemisharanya(UP) – Mahadev Madi, Nimsar Dharmashala, Go-ghat, Cakrithirth kund
- Nimgaon (Nashik) – Well
- Omkareshwar (MP) – Mamaleshwar Mahadev, Amaleshwar, Trambakeshwar Temples (Jirnnodhar), Gauri Somnath Temple, Dharmashalas, Wells
- Ozar (Ahmednagar) – 2 wells and kund
- Panchawati, Nasik – Shri Ram Temple, Gora Mahadev temple, Dharmashala, Vishweshwar Temple, Ramghat, Dharmashala
- Parli Vaijnath, Parli Vaijnath – Shri Vaidyanath Mandir
- Pandharpur (Maharashtra) – Shri Ram Temple, Tulsibag, Holkar wada, Sabha Mandap, Dharmashala and gave silver utensil for the temple, Well-Which known by Bagirao well.
- Pimplas(Nashik) – well
- Prayag (Allahabad UP) – Vishnu Temple, Dharmashala, Garden, Ghat, Palace
- Pune – Ghat
- Puntambe (Maharashtra) – Ghat on Godavari river
- Pushkar – Ganpati Temple, Dharmashala, Garden
- Rameshwar (TN) – Hanuman Temple, Shri Radha Krishna Temple, Dharmashala, Well, Garden etc.
- Rampura – Four Temples, Dharmashala and houses
- Raver – Keshav Kund
- Sakargaon – well
- Sambhal – Laxmi Narayan Temple and two wells
- Sangamner – Ram Temple
- Saptashrungi – Dharmashala
- Sardhana Meerut – Chandi Devi Temple
- Saurashtra (Guj) – Somnath Temple in 1785. (Jirnnodhdhar and Pran Prathistha)
- Siddhivinayak temple‘s inner sanctum at Siddhatek in Ahmednagar District
- Shri Nagnath (Darukhvan) – Started pooja in 1784
- Srisailam Mallikarjun (Kurnool, AP) – Temple of Lord Shiva
- Shri Shambhu Mahadev Mountain Shingnapur (Maharashtra) – Well
- Shri Vaijenath (Parali, Maha) – Jirnnodhar of Baijenath Temple in 1784
- Shri Vhigneshwar – Lamps
- Sinhpur – Shiv Temple and ghat
- Sulpeshwar – Mahadev Temple, annakshetra
- Sultanpur (Khandesh) – Temple
- Tarana – Tilabhandeshwar Shiv temple, Khedapati, Shriram Temple, Mahakali Temple
- Tehari (Bundelkhand) – Dharmashala
- Trimbakeshwar (Nashik) – Bridge on Kushawarth Ghat
- Ujjain (MP) – Chintaman Ganapati, Janardhan, Shrilila urushottam, Balaji Tilakeshwar, Ramjanaki Ras Mandal, Gopal, Chitnis, Balaji, Ankpal, Shiv and many other temples, 13 ghats, well and many Dharmashalas etc.
- Varanasi, Kashi Vishwanath Temple 1780.[13]
- Vrindavan (Mathura) – Chain Bihari Temple, Kaliyadeha Ghat, Chirghat and many other ghats, Dharmashala, Annakstra
- Wafgaon (Rajgurunagar, Pune) – Holkar wada and one well
- Ambad (maharashtra) -Matsodari Devi Mandir
- Vikharan (Shirpur Dist:Dhule maharashtra) Well
Book[edit]
- In Marathi
- Punyashlok Ahilya by M. S. Dixit
- Ahilyabai by Hiralal Sharma
- Ahilyabai Charitra by Purshottam
- Ahilyabai Charitra by Mukund Vaman Barve
- Karmayogini by Vijaya Jahagirdar
- Dnyat Adnyat Ahilyabai Holakar by Vinaya Khadapekar
- Pal Samaaj on Samaaj
In popular culture[edit]
- A film titled Devi Ahilya Bai was produced in 2002 featuring Mallika Prasad as Devi Ahilya Bai, Shabana Azmi as Harkubai (Khaanda Rani, one of Malhar Rao Holkar’s wives) and also including Sadashiv Amrapurkar as Malhar Rao Holkar, Ahilyabai’s father in law.[14]
- A 20-minute documentary was made by Educational Multimedia Research Centre Indore, about life and time of Devi Ahilya bai holkar.
- In Thane City in Maharashtra, a children’s play park has been named as ‘Ahilyadevi Holkar Udyan’ after Queen Ahilya Bai. Also a road has been named after her in the same city.
- Indore‘s airport is named after her..
See also[edit]
- Dhangar
- Ahir clans
- Maratha
- Maratha Empire
- Maratha clan system
- List of Maratha dynasties and states
- Holkar
- Bhonsle
- Gaekwad
- Scindia
- Puars
- Peshwa
References[edit]
- Jump up^ Jawaharlal Nehru:Discovery of India, 2004, page-304
- Jump up^ English poem written by Jaonna Baillie, London, 1849.
- Jump up^ Quote of an English writer given in the Book Ahilya Bai Holkar by Khadpekar
- Jump up^ Malcolm, J., A Memoir of Central India, quoted in Kamath, M. B. and Kher, V. B., Devi Ahalyabai Holkar: The Philosopher Queen, p.85 and Quoted in John Keay, India: A History, p. 407
- Jump up^ John Keay, India: A History, p. 407, Gordon, S., The Marathas etc., p. 162
- Jump up^ John Keay, India: A History, p.425. reference of Sardesai, G. S., Marathi Riyasat, Bombay, 1925, quoted in Kamath, M. B. and Kher, V. B., Devi Ahalyabai Holkar: The Philosopher Queen, p.126 and Quoted in
- Jump up^ Dr. Annie Besant, Ahalyabai – A Great Ruler, Children of the Mother Land, Page 290-291.
- Jump up^ Renowned Historian Mr. Judunath Sarkar
- Jump up^ Nizam of Hyderabad.
- Jump up^ Arvind Javlekar, Lokmata Ahilyabai. p. 140
- Jump up^ “Ahilyabai Holkar”. Indianpost.com. 25 August 1996. Retrieved 2012-09-17.
- Jump up^ Arvind Javlekar, Lokmata Ahilyabai. 2005. p. 62.
- Jump up^ “Shri Kashi Vishwanath Temple – A Brief history”.
- Jump up^ “NFDC: Cinemas of india”. Nfdcindia.com. Retrieved 2012-09-17.
External links[edit]
Top 10 Temples in india
Top 10 Temples in india |
|
* आवश्यक चेतावनी *
* आवश्यक चेतावनी *
(ध्यानपूर्वक पढ़े तथा विचार करें)
मेरे मन में मुसलमानों के प्रति किंचिन्मात्र भी द्वेष
नहीं है | परन्तु वे हिन्दुओं का नाश करना चाहते हैं,
इसलिए उनकी क्रिया मेरे को अच्छी नहीं लगती |
कोई मेरे से वैर, द्वेष रखनेवाला हो,
मेरा बुरा करनेवाला हो, वह भी अगर मेरे से अपने
कल्याण की बात पूछे तो मैं उसको वैसे ही बड़े प्रेम से
कल्याण का उपाय बताऊंगा, जैसे मैं अपने में श्रद्धा-
प्रेम रखनेवाले को बताया करता हूँ | अगर कोई
मुसलमान हृदय से अपने कल्याण का उपाय पूछे तो मैं
सबसे पहले उसको बताऊंगा, पीछे हिन्दू को बताऊँगा |
मेरा कभी किसी से भेदभाव रखने का विचार है
ही नहीं |
जीवमात्र परमात्मा का अंश है | अतः मेरा जो स्वरुप
है, वही-का-वही स्वरुप मुसलमानों का भी है | जैसे
मेरा स्वरुप परमात्मा का अंश है, ऐसे
ही मुसलमानों का स्वरुप भी परमात्मा का अंश है |
अगर मैं उनसे वैर करता हूँ तो वास्तव में अपने स्वरुप से
तथा अपने इष्ट से वैर करता हूँ |……इसलिए मुसलमान मेरे
निजस्वरूप, आत्मस्वरूप, अभिन्नस्वरुप हैं | परन्तु मुसलमान
हिन्दुओं की हत्या करते हैं, उनकी स्त्रियों का अपहरण
करते हैं, उनके ग्रन्थों को जलाते हैं, उनके
मन्दिरों को तोड़ते हैं, उनकी गायों की हत्या करते
हैं–सब प्रकार से हिन्दुओं का नाश-ही-नाश करते हैं,
यह क्रिया मुझे बहुत बुरी लगती है |
जब देश में मुसलमानों का राज्य हुआ, तब उन्होंने कितने
हिन्दुओं को मारा, कितनी स्त्रियों का अपहरण
किया, कितने मन्दिरों को तोड़ा, हिन्दुओं पर
कितना अत्याचार किया–इसका कोई पारावार
नहीं है !…….विचार करें, अगर देश में
पुनः मुसलमानों की बहुलता हो गयी और
उनका राज्य हो गया तो फिर क्या दशा होगी ?
वोट-प्रणाली में जिसकी संख्या अधिक होती है,
उसकी विजय होती है, उसी का राज्य होता है |
इसलिए देश में हिन्दुओं की वृद्धि अत्यन्त आवश्यक है |
इसमें केवल हिन्दुओं का ही नहीं, प्रत्युत सभी धर्मों के
लोगों का हित निहित है; क्योंकि हिन्दूधर्म
प्राणिमात्र का हित चाहता है | हिन्दू ही ‘विश्व-
कल्याण-यज्ञ’ के आयोजन करता है |
‘विश्वका कल्याण हो’–यह नारा भी हिन्दू
ही लगाता है | घर-घर में ‘सर्वे भवन्तु सुखिनः सर्वे सन्तु
निरामयाः | सर्वे भद्राणि पश्यन्तु मा कश्चिद्
दुःखभाग्भवेत् ||’–ऐसी प्रार्थना भी हिन्दू
ही करता है | ‘वासुदेवः सर्वम्’, ‘सब जग ईश्वररूप है’–
ऐसी शिक्षा भी हिन्दू ही देता है |
* हिन्दूधर्म में मुक्ति, तत्त्वज्ञान, कल्याण,
परमशान्ति, परमात्मतत्त्वकी
प्राप्ति जितनी सुगमता से बतायी गयी है,
उतनी सुगमता से प्राप्ति की बात ईसाई, मुस्लिम,
बौद्ध, यहूदी, पारसी आदि किसी भी धर्म में
नहीं सुनी गयी है | इसलिए मैं चाहता हूँ कि हिन्दुओं
की वृद्धि हो | कारण कि हिन्दूधर्म के अलौकिक,
विलक्षण ग्रन्थों की बातों को हिन्दुओं के सिवाय
और कौन सुनेगा और उनका आदर करेगा ? मुसलमानों ने
तो हिन्दूधर्म के असंख्य अच्छे-अच्छे
ग्रन्थों जला डाला | इसलिए आज
वेदों की पूरी संहिता नहीं मिलती, सभी शास्त्र
नहीं मिलते | इस कारण कितनी विलक्षण-विलक्षण
विद्याएँ नष्ट हो गयीं, कला-कौशल नष्ट हो गये,
जिनसे केवल हिन्दुओं को ही नहीं, संसारमात्र
को लाभ पहुँचता | अब मुसलमानों की संख्या बढ़
रही है और हिन्दुओं की संख्या घट रही है तो आगे
चलकर क्या दशा होगी ? हिन्दुओं में कोई-न-कोई
तो हिन्दूधर्म के ग्रन्थो को पढ़ेगा, पर जो हिन्दुओं के
ग्रन्थों को जला-जलाकर हमामका पानी गरम करते
रहे,उन मुसलमानों से क्या ये आशा रखें कि वे हिन्दुओं
के ग्रन्थों को पढ़ेंगे ? जो हिन्दुओं का धर्म-परिवर्तन
करके उनको मुसलमान या ईसाई बनाने में लगे हुए हैं, उनसे
क्या यह आशा की जाय कि वे हिन्दुओं के
ग्रन्थों का आदर करेंगे ? असम्भव है | इसी दृष्टि से मैं
हिन्दुओं में परिवार-नियोजन का विरोध
किया करता हूँ | वास्तव में मेरा यह उद्देश्य बिलकुल
नहीं है कि हिन्दुओं की संख्या बढ़ जाय, जिससे
उनको राज्य मिल जाय | मेरा उद्देश्य यह है कि मनुष्य
का जल्दी और सुगमता से कल्याण हो जाय | मैं
कल्याण का पक्षपाती हूँ, राज्य
का पक्षपाती नहीं |
* * परिवार-नियोजन अधिकतर हिन्दू ही करते हैं और
यह हिन्दुओं पर ही जबर्दस्ती लागू किया जाता है |
दूसरी बात, कानून की दृष्टि से हिन्दू एक से अधिक
विवाह नहीं कर सकता, जबकि मुसलमानों को चार
विवाह करने की छूट है | इसलिए हिन्दू तो कहते हैं—
हम दो, हमारे दो’, पर मुसलमान कहते हैं—‘हम पाँच,
हमारे पचीस’ ! जो ईसाई या मुसलमान राज्य पाने के
लोभ से अपनी संख्या बढ़ाने में लगे हुए हैं और इसके लिए
हिन्दुओं का धर्म परिवर्तन भी कर रहे है, उनसे क्या यह
आशा रखी जा सकती है कि वे परिवार-नियोजन के
द्वारा अपनी जनसंख्या बढ़ने से रोकेंगे ?
* वर्तमान वोट-प्रणाली का तो जनसंख्या के साथ
सीधा सम्बन्ध है | इस प्रणाली के अनुसार सौ मूर्ख
निन्यानबे बुद्धिमानों को हरा सकते हैं,
जबकि वास्तव में सौ मूर्ख मिलकर भी एक बुद्धिमान
की समानता नहीं कर सकते | विचार करें कि समाज में
विद्वानों की संख्या अधिक है या मूर्खों की ?
सज्जनों की संख्या अधिक है या दुष्टों की ?
ईमानदारों की संख्या अधिक है या बेईमानों की ?
जिनकी संख्या अधिक होगी, वे ही वोटों से जीतेंगे
और देशपर शासन करेंगे | जिस
जाति की जनसंख्या अधिक होगी, वही जाति देशपर
राज्य करेगी |
* जबतक यह हिन्दू-समाज गर्भपात-जैसे महापाप से
नहीं बचेगा, तबतक इसका उद्धार मुश्किल है;
क्योंकि अपना पाप ही अपने-आप को खा जाता है |
अगर यह समुदाय अपनी उन्नति और वृद्धि चाहता है
तो इस घोर महापाप से, ब्रह्महत्या से दुगने पापसे
बचना चाहिए |
*मनुष्यों में हिन्दू जाति सर्वश्रेष्ठ है | इसमें बड़े
विलक्षण-विलक्षण ऋषि-मुनि, संत-महात्मा,
दार्शनिक, वैज्ञानिक, विचारक पैदा होते आये है |
जब इस जाति के मनुष्यों को जन्म ही नहीं लेने देंगे
तो फिर ऐसे श्रेष्ठ, विलक्षण पुरुष कैसे और
कहाँ पैदा होंगे ?
….. वर्तमान वोट-प्रणाली का जनसँख्या के साथ
सीधा-सम्बन्ध है | अतः जिस
जाति की जनसंख्या अधिक होती है,
वही जाति बलवान होकर ( वोटके बलपर ) देशपर
राज्य करती है | जो जाति परिवार-नियोजन
को अपनाती है, वह परिणाम में अपने अस्तित्व
को ही नष्ट कर देती है | वर्तमान में परिवार –
नियोजन और धर्मान्तरण के द्वारा हिन्दुओं
की संख्या तेजी से कम हो रही है | फिर
किसका राज्य होगा और क्या दशा होगी ?
जरा सोचो !
– Swami Ramsukhdasji
‘साधन-सुधा-सिन्धु’ पुस्तक से Gita Press, Gorakhpur
दुनिया के इतहास में ऐसा युद्ध ना कभी
दुनिया के इतहास में ऐसा युद्ध ना कभी
किसी ने पढ़ा होगा ना ही सोचा होगा,
जिसमे 10 लाख की फ़ौज का सामना
महज 42 लोगों के साथ हुआ था और
जीत किसकी होती है उन 42 सूरमो की l
यह युद्ध ‘चमकौर युद्ध’
(Battle of Chamkaur) के नाम से
भी जाना जाता है जो की मुग़ल योद्धा
वज़ीर खान की अगवाई में 10 लाख की
फ़ौज का सामना सिर्फ 42 सिखों के
सामने हुआ जो की गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी
की अगवाई में त्यार हुए थे l
नतीजा यह निकलता है की उन 42
शूरवीर की जीत होती है जो की मुग़ल
हुकूमत की नीव जो की बाबर ने रखी थी l
उसे जड़ से उखाड़ दिया और भारत को
आज़ाद भारत का दर्ज़ा दिया l
औरंगज़ेब ने भी उस वक़्त गुरु गोबिंद सिंह
जी के आगे घुटने टेके और मुग़ल राज
का अंत हुआ हिन्दुस्तान से l
तभी औरंगेब ने एक प्रश्न किया
गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी के सामने,
की यह कैसी फ़ौज तयार की आपने
जिसने 10 लाख की फ़ौज को उखाड़ फेका !
गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी ने जवाब दिया..
चिड़ियों से मैं बाज लडाऊ ..
गीदड़ों को मैं शेर बनाऊ ..
सवा लाख से एक लडाऊ तभी
गोबिंद सिंह नाम कहउँ !
गुरु गोबिंद सिंह जी ने जो कहा वो किया,
जिन्हे आज हर कोई शीश झुकता है l
यह है हमारे भारत की अनमोल विरासत
जिसे हमने कभी पढ़ा ही नहीं l
राहुल गर्ग (” नादान परिंदा”)
दूध और हल्दी .
दूध और हल्दी .
दूध जहां कैल्शियम से भरपूर होता है वहीं दूसरी तरफ हल्दी में
एंटीबायोटिक होता है। दोनों ही आपके स्वास्थ्य के लिए
बहुत लाभकारी होते हैं। और अगर दोनों को एक साथ
मिला लिया जाये तो इनके लाभ दोगुना हो जायेगें। आइए
हल्दी वाले दूध के ऐसे फायदों को जानकर आप इसे पीने से खुद
को रोक नहीं पायेगें।
सांस संबंधी समस्याओं में लाभकारी
हल्दी में एंटी-माइक्रोबियल गुण होते है, इसलिए इसे गर्म दूध के
साथ लेने से दमा, ब्रोंकाइटिस, फेफड़ों में कफ और साइनस
जैसी समस्याओं में आराम होता है। यह मसाला आपके शरीर में
गरमाहट लाता है और फेफड़े तथा साइनस में जकड़न से तुरन्त
राहत मिलती है। साथ ही यह बैक्टीरियल और वायरल
संक्रमणों से लड़ने में मदद करता है।
मोटापा कम करें
हल्दी वाले दूध को पीने से शरीर में जमी अतिरिक्त
चर्बी घटती है। इसमें मौजूद कैल्शियम और मिनिरल और अन्य
पोषक तत्व वजन घटाने में मदगार होते है।
हडि्डयों को मजबूत बनाये
दूध में कैल्शियम और हल्दी में एंटीऑक्सीडेंट की मौजूदगी के
कारण हल्दी वाला दूध पीने से हडि्डयां मजबूत होती है और
साथ ही शरीर की रोग प्रतिरोधक क्षमता भी बढ़ती है।
हल्दी वाले दूध को पीने से हड्डियों में होने वाले नुकसान और
ऑस्टियोपोरेसिस की समस्या में कमी आती है।
पाचन संबंधी समस्याओं में लाभकारी
हल्दी वाला दूध एक शक्तिशाली एंटी-सेप्टिक होता है। यह
आंतों को स्वस्थ बनाने के साथ पेअ के अल्सर और कोलाइटिस
के उपचार में भी मदद करता है। इसके सेवन से पाचन बेहतर
होता है और अल्सर, डायरिया और अपच
की समस्या नहीं होती है।
दर्द कम करें
हल्दी वाले दूध के सेवन से गठिया का निदान होता हैं। साथ
ही इसका रियूमेटॉइड गठिया के कारण होने वाली सूजन के
उपचार के लिये प्रयोग किया जाता है। यह जोड़ो और
मांसपेशियों को लचीला बनाता है जिससे दर्द कम
हो जाता है।
गहरी नींद में सहायक
हल्दी शरीर में ट्रीप्टोफन नामक अमीनो अम्ल को बनाता है
जो शान्तिपूर्वक और गहरी नींद में सहायक होता है। इसलिए
अगर आप रात में ठीक से सो नहीं पा रहें है
या आपको बैचेनी हो रही है तो सोने से आधा घंटा पहले
हल्दी वाला दूध पीएं। इससे आपको गहरी नींद आएगी और नींद
ना आने की समस्या दूर हो जाएगी।
उधम सिंह
Sidhi Sathpathy shared Rajiv Dixit‘s photo.
पूरी post नहीं पढ़ सकते तो यहाँ click कर देखे !
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h1oqZRL5wc4
मित्रो सन 1919 को एक करूर अंग्रेज़ अधिकारी भारत मे आया था जिसका नाम था डायर ! अमृतसर मे उसकी पोस्टिंग की गई थी और उसने एक रोलेट एक्ट नाम का कानून बनाया जिसमे नागरिकों के मूल अधिकार खत्म होने वाले थे ! और नागरिकों की जो थोड़ी बहुत बची कूची आजादी थी वो भी अंग्रेज़ो के पास जाने वाली थी !
इस रोलेट एक्ट का विरोध करने के लिए 13 अप्रैल 1919 को अमृतसर के जलियाँवाला बाग मे एक बड़ी सभा आयोजित की गई थी ! जिसमे 25000 लोग शामिल हुए थे ! उस बड़ी सभा मे डायर ने अंधाधुंध गोलियां चलवायी थी ! अगर आप मे से किसी ने पुलिस या सेना मे नोकरी की हो तो आप अंदाजा लगा सकते हैं ! 15 मिनट के अंदर 1650 राउंड गोलियां चलवाई थी डायर ने ! और 3000 क्रांतिकारी वहीं तड़प तड़प के मर गए थे !
आप मे से किसी ने जलियाँवाला बाग देखा हो तो वहाँ अंदर जाने और बाहर आने के लिए एक ही दरवाजा है वो भी चार दीवारी से घिरा हुआ है और दरवाजा भी मुश्किल से 4 से 5 फुट चोड़ा है ! उस दरवाजे के बाहर डायर ने तोप लगवा दी थी ताकि कोई निकल के बाहर न जा पाये ! और अंदर उसके दो कुएं है जिसको अंधा कुंआ के नाम से जाना जाता है ! 1650 राउंड गोलियां जब चलायी गई ! जो लोग गोलियों के शिकार हुये वो तो वही शहीद हो गए और जो बच गए उन्होने ने जान बचाने के लिए कुएं मे छलांग लगा दी और कुंआ लाशों से भर गया !
और 15 मिनट तक गोलियां चलाते हुए डायर वहाँ से हँसते हुए चला गया और जाते हुये अमृतसर की सड्को पर जो उसे लोग मिले उन्हे गोलियां मार कर तोप के पीछे बांध कर घसीटता गया ! इसके लिए उसे अँग्रेजी संसद से ईनाम मिला था उसका प्रमोशन कर दिया गया था और उसको भारत से लंदन भेज दिया गया था और बड़े ओहदे पर !
उधम सिंह उस वक्त 11 साल के थे और ये ह्त्याकांड उन्होने अपनी आंखो से देखा था ! और उन्होने संकल्प लिया था संकल्प ये था जिस तरह डायर ने मेरे देश वासियो को इतनी क्रूरता से मारा हैं इस डायर को मैं जिंदा नहीं छोड़ूँगा ! यही मेरी ज़िंदगी का आखिरी संकल्प हैं ! आपको एक और बात मालूम होगी उधम सिंह की वह घर से गरीब थे माता पिता का साया उनसे उठ चुका था आनाथ आश्रम मे पल कर बड़े हुये थे ! बड़े भाई थे उनकी मौत हो चुकी थी किसी बीमारी से !
अब आर्थिक हालत अच्छे नहीं थे संकल्प ले लिया था डायर को मारने का ! उसके लिए योजना बनाई लंदन जाने की ! उसके लिए पैसे नहीं थे ! तो उन्होने सोचा मैं किसी आगे हाथ फैलाऊँ इससे अच्छा खुद मेहनत-मजदूरी करूँ ! फिर उन्होने carpenter (लकड़ी का काम किया) ! और कुछ पैसे कमा अमेरिका गए अमेरिका से फिर लंदन गए ! लंदन जाकर फिर किसी होटल मे नोकरी की पानी पिलाने की ताकि कुछ पैसे इकठे हो और उससे बंदूक खरीदी जा सके !
और ये सब काम करते करते शहीदे आजम उधम सिंह को 21 साल लग गए पूरे 21 साल ! 1919 मे जलियाँवाला बाग हत्याकांड हुआ था और 1940 मे पूरे 21 साल बाद उन्होने अपना संकल्प पूरा किया 21 साल तक वो मेहनत करते रहे,इधर उधर भागते रहे ,जिंदा रहे सिर्फ अपना संकल्प पूरा करने ले लिए !
अंत 1940 मे Caxton Hall एक जगह है लंदन मे वहाँ डायर को सम्मान दिया जा रहा था मालाएँ आदि पहनाई जा रही थी उधम सिंह वहाँ पहुंचे थे और अपने साथ लाई किताब मे छिपी बंदूक निकाल एक साथ 3 गोलियां डायर के सीने मे उतार दी ! 3 गोलियां मार कर एक ही वाकय कहा था कि आज मैंने 21 साल पहले लिया अपना संकल्प पूरा कर लिया है ! और मैं अब इसके बाद एक मिनट जिंदा नहीं रहना चाहता ! तो जब उन्होने बंदूक अंग्रेज़ अधिकारी को सोंपी तो अंग्रेज़ अधिकारी के हाथ कांप रहे थे ! उसको लग रहा था कहीं मुझे भी न मार दे ! तो उधम सिंह ने कहा घबराओ मत मेरे तुमसे कोई दुश्मनी नहीं है मेरी तो डायर से दुश्मनी थी जिसने मेरे देश के 3000 बेकसूर लोगो को तड़पा -तड़पा कर मारा था !
तो मित्रो हमारे क्रांतिकारियों का इतना ऊंचा आदर्श था जो संकल्प लिया है उसी की पूर्ति के लिए जीवन लगा देना है उसके लिए बेशक 10 साल लगे 15 साल लगे ! 20 लगे 21 साल लगे ! ये प्रेरणा हम सबको शहीदे आजम उधम सिंह के जीवन से लेनी चाहिए ! माँ भारती के इस पुत्र को दिल से सलाम !
वन्देमातरम !
आपने पूरी post पढ़ी बहुत बहुत धन्यवाद !!
यहाँ जरूर click कर देखें !
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h1oqZRL5wc4
अमर शहीद राजीव दीक्षित जी की जय !
Free Hindi eBooks 